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human trafficking data 2020

2551 (XL-O/10), Department of Public Security and Department against Transnational Organized Crime. Marissa Pietrobono She found innovative funding sources for anti-trafficking work in Latvia, allowing such work to continue even under severe budget constraints. Tonga Throughout the last two decades, and as the availability of information on human trafficking has expanded, the TIP Report has grown in both its breadth and depth of analysis. In 2020 $3.35 million was allocated to support seven (7) three-year grants (four labor and three sex trafficking) to support and assist victims and survivors of human trafficking, individuals at-risk and outreach activities. Bhutan International travel has increased to historic levels as it has become more accessible and inexpensive. The 2020 TIP Report covers government efforts undertaken from April 1, 2019 through March 31, 2020. Ukraine Eritrea Ireland Vietnam Efforts focused on training both government and private sector actors and raising awareness. As mentioned earlier, some traffickers recruit directly from addiction treatment facilities, targeting people coming out of detox and inpatient programs, knowing they can exploit the vulnerabilities of these individuals. Lamiaa Elfar Mark Carlson For years thereafter, the kiln owner used the debt to coerce and manipulate Kim’s family to continue to work. We will not be deterred from dismantling this crime down to its very foundations and ensuring the protection of future generations. Soon after arriving, Sofia’s fiancé handed her an itemized bill for every meal, trip, and gift he had ever purchased for her. Human Trafficking. Sarah A. Scott They continue to harm people, finding ways to innovate and even capitalize on the chaos. Its efficacy depends on consensus around the idea that everyone has inherent value and human dignity requires that they be free. Increasing Public Understanding And Empowering Anti-Trafficking Stakeholders. Cameroon These individuals include NGO workers, lawmakers, government officials, survivors of human trafficking, and concerned citizens. Still other perpetrators are “situational abusers” who do not travel specifically to commit child sexual exploitation and abuse, but take advantage of an opportunity if it arises. Bulgaria Paraguay The Interfaith Center on Corporate Responsibility (ICCR) based in the United States uses a multi-faith approach from a different angle. Timothy Gehring More research is needed on trauma bonding in human trafficking alongside development of evidence-based and trauma-informed service delivery. Hope lies ahead. In 2019, these advocates worked with other UN entities, served as the primary interlocutor with victims of sexual exploitation and abuse, and initiated a pilot mapping exercise to identify best practices, gaps, areas of overlap, and lessons learned in victims’ rights approaches and available services. Antigua and Barbuda The President further certified that the governments of the above countries are taking effective and continuing steps to address the problems of child soldiers. Alistratova later adapted Interaction to serve not only victims of trafficking but also victims of domestic violence. The control in a trauma bond may help a person mentally make sense of the world, whereas escaping the trauma bond and trying to make independent decisions may feel overwhelming. Portugal The victim stories included in this report are meant to be illustrative. India Human trafficking is a seriouscrime and violation of human rights, involving force, coercion, or fraud to exploit a person into slave labor or sexual exploitation. Tier Placement. Denmark Ethiopia Janet Zinn. Sandy Perez Rousseau 80 allegations were made against 106 military, police, and civilian person-nel. Of the 157 cases reported in 2019 in Indiana, 40 of those involved minors. After she escaped and a prosecutor brought charges against Veronica’s employer, the court ruled that Veronica was a victim of domestic servitude and a survivor of human trafficking. In 2004, Balabayeva led Rodnik to stand up a human trafficking hotline, which it still operates. Soumya Silver This information allows other countries to press governments for investigations and accountability against the perpetrators. [107 KB] [Click image for larger PDF version [107 KB]]. In these cases, perpetrators entrapped victims with existing substance use issues, or initiated dependency in victims with no prior addiction history. According to the Bureau of Justice, of the human trafficking cases reported between January 2008 and June 2010, sex trafficking victims were more likely to be white (26%) or black (40%), compared to labor trafficking victims, who were more likely to be Hispanic (63%) or Asian (17%). Harold Jahnsen Sudan Pursuant to the TVPA, governments of countries on Tier 3 may be subject to certain restrictions on foreign assistance, whereby the President may determine not to provide U.S. government nonhumanitarian, nontrade-related foreign assistance as defined in the TVPA. As we have continued our work during the COVID-19 pandemic, traffickers have continued as well. In these instances, traffickers follow the same plan of signing an exploitative contract if the player is selected or abandonment upon failure. Sofia was optimistic as she landed in Italy with her new fiancé, excited for the luxuries her rural Romanian village did not afford her. Seychelles Mozambique These four states with the highest human trafficking rates have the highest populations in the U.S., which can explain why their numbers of cases are significantly higher than other states and very high immigrant populations. In 2014, Pope Francis joined with 11 other religious leaders representing the Muslim, Jewish, Orthodox, Anglican, Buddhist, and Hindu faiths to commit to work together and within their respective communities to inspire spiritual and practical action to help eradicate human trafficking worldwide. November 21, 2020. It is a celebration of 20 years documenting progress in combating human trafficking and, as always, a candid reminder of the work yet to be done. When Ted was 10, his mother began dating a new man. Beginning October 1, 2020, and effective throughout FY 2021, these restrictions will apply to the listed countries, absent a presidential waiver, applicable exception, or reinstatement of assistance pursuant to the terms of the CSPA. Deregulation of the recruitment industry and a decline in transparency and accountability resulted in an increase in the number of intermediaries. In 2012, Embassy Skopje in North Macedonia organized an award ceremony for Ministry of Labor social workers, praising their outstanding commitment to providing protection, care, and assistance to victims of trafficking. Ben Wiselogle The 2004 TIP Report collected this data for the first time. (WOWT) - January is National Human Trafficking Awareness month. In addition to condemning human trafficking, the proclamation highlights the 20-year anniversary of the passage of the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 … Traffickers may take on a role of protector to maintain control of the victim, create confusion, and develop a connection or attachment, which may include the victim feeling a sense of loyalty to or love for the trafficker. governmental efforts to reduce the demand for commercial sex acts and international sex tourism. After reasonable requests from the Department of State for data regarding investigations, prosecutions, convictions, and sentences, a government which does not provide such data, consistent with a demonstrably increasing capacity of such government to obtain such data, shall be presumed not to have vigorously investigated, prosecuted, convicted or sentenced such acts. U.S. missions overseas are dedicated to covering human trafficking issues year-round. Karen Vierling Allen The Department ranks each country in this report on one of four tiers, as mandated by the TVPA. Each TIP Report country narrative lays out a justification for the tier ranking followed by prioritized recommendations for how the government can better meet the TVPA minimum standards. Despite his refusal, the man seized and bound Huy and transported him to a windowless warehouse in China. The TIP Report represents a credible source of information that civil society uses to advocate for new anti-trafficking policies. Taiwan Individuals with substance use issues seeking recovery have been exploited in addiction treatment situations for sex trafficking and forced labor. New Zealand Beginning in the 2008 TIP Report, all country narratives included recommendations for governments to improve their anti-trafficking efforts—a vital component of the report today. These hotlines have fielded more than 20,000 calls since their inception. In addition, the report would be the first of its kind to rank countries publicly on their efforts to combat human trafficking, a crime newly denounced by the international community. A financially-motivated crime, human trafficking statistics are on the rise. (Details on the tier ranking process can be found on pages 39-41.). Whether the percentage of victims of severe forms of trafficking in the country that are non-citizens of such countries is insignificant. If abandoned abroad, players often remain in the country undocumented not knowing how to contact family and friends or too afraid to do so because of a strong sense of shame and self-blame. Finally, organizations must be cautious not to replicate trauma bonding within their own programs, wherein the service provider assumes the simultaneously protective and coercive role the trafficker previously played in the survivor’s life. Over the past few years, the government has increased its engagement with religious leaders from all of Senegal’s five dominant religious brotherhoods and the national federation of Quranic teachers to raise concerns regarding forced begging and secure their commitments to end this practice in its current form. The UN investigates whether allegations are substantiated; however, it does not have the authority to hold individual perpetrators accountable and must ultimately rely on the troop- and police-contributing countries to do so according to that country’s laws. [Scroll bar is available at the bottom of the table; or download PDF version [44 KB]. 10117 Berlin. Dignity Health developed the PEARR Tool in consultation with survivors and community organizations to train medical professionals to provide privacy, educate, ask, respect, and respond to survivor’s needs. As of April 15, IMET funding was obligated for the following activity: military professionalization training. Governments subject to the automatic downgrade provision are noted as such in the country narratives. The importance of data in measuring the effectiveness of anti-trafficking efforts cannot be overstated and, thanks to the effort of governments to enact comprehensive laws and educate government officials and communities, there is now more data available to evaluate global anti-trafficking efforts than ever before. To request a hard copy of the 2020 Trafficking in Persons Report, please email TIPOutreach@state.gov and provide your mailing address. Ultimately, he succeeded in forcing Ted to engage in commercial sex. Mali Madhu returned to his village, but law enforcement have not pressed charges against the factory. Human trafficking has gotten worse during the pandemic, including in Orange County, according to the director of victim assistance programs at Waymakers. Polaris conducted an analysis of data from the National Human Trafficking Hotline in the immediate period after the March 12, 2020, national emergency declaration and found: 1. A of Pub. In addition, the report methodology and content changed as the years progressed. Varela and Correia demonstrated tremendous diligence in carrying out their investigation, working despite pressure to drop the case and overt hostility from the traffickers’ networks and their peers. The White House has issued a Presidential Proclamation declaring January 2020 as National Slavery and Human Trafficking Prevention Month. Some of the most important changes are listed on pages 6-7. How can I make sure I am in compliance with Article 2.305 of the Code of Criminal Procedure? Some unscrupulous agents immediately abandon the children while in transit or after arrival at the destination. Looking at the human trafficking intake rate per 100 children in the population, the Northwest region had the highest rate of reports, followed by the Northeast. OECD Due Diligence Guidance for Responsible Supply Chains of Minerals from Conflict-Affected and High-Risk Areas: http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/mne/mining.htm. A Global Report on Trafficking in Persons launched today by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) provides new information on a crime that shames us all. “Trafficking in Persons”… mean[s] the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, by means of the threat or use of force or other forms of coercion, of abduction, of fraud, of deception, of the abuse of power or of a position of vulnerability or of the giving or receiving of payments or benefits to achieve the consent of a person having control over another perso… As the civil society representative on the National Coordination Committee Against Trafficking in Persons, he successfully lobbied for the formal opening of the government’s anti-trafficking fund to provide services to trafficking victims and train law enforcement and victim protection officers. In Florida, the Trafficking Health care Resources and Interdisciplinary Victim Services and Education (THRIVE) Clinic at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine provides the resources of a world-class research hospital to trafficking survivors across the Southeast. Over the years, the methodology, content, and design of the TIP Report have evolved, reflecting in many ways the broader anti-trafficking movement’s progress in understanding the crime. In addition, societal stigma and self-stigma may deter an individual from seeking help. Argentina Specific training of medical and mental health staff aimed at reducing stigma and establishing standards of non-judgmental and trauma-informed care are also highly recommended. L. No. Morocco Whether the government of the country has made serious and sustained efforts to reduce the demand for –. The Secretary of State typically releases the TIP Report at a public event and welcomes members of the anti-trafficking stakeholder community, survivors of human trafficking, White House officials, and Members of Congress. Romania For players offered a position on a team, the traffickers posing as agents have already established a relationship with the athlete and are well-positioned to control the course of the athlete’s career. Ho provides trainings and seminars to the legal community in Hong Kong on ways to protect trafficking victims. The majority of the allegations were in the Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of Congo, South Sudan, and Mali. South Sudan 2001 – The first TIP Report ranked countries on one of three tiers and briefly described 82 governments’ efforts to combat human trafficking. Human trafficking is modern-day slavery. This report is submitted in accordance with sections 405(c) and (d) of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act of 2008 (22 U.S.C. ], Elimination of Worst Forms of Child Labor. As the understanding of human trafficking expanded, the U.S. government, in collaboration with NGOs, identified the need for specific legislation to address how traffickers operate and to provide the legal tools necessary to combat trafficking in persons in all its forms. Tajikistan The Human Trafficking Hotline serves victims and survivors of human trafficking across the United States. Page 14: Atsuki Takahashi The narrative text of the introductory section evolved from providing minimal explanation of human trafficking and the purpose of the report, to covering a variety of human trafficking issues and current trends. Jordan The TVPA defines “severe forms of trafficking in persons” as: A victim need not be physically transported from one location to another for the crime to fall within this definition. Indeed, while some perpetrators may be in the foreign country for tourism, others may be volunteers or expatriates who have permanently moved abroad. Haley L. Sands And while the UN has the authority to dismiss offending personnel from missions, complicit peacekeepers rarely face a formal criminal justice process. Sign up to learn more about how you can help. To treat survivors, providers should. Kelsey Brennan A victim may eventually feel helpless and respond to any form of “help” or “kindness” from their trafficker with gratitude and attachment in order to survive. Prosecutors also called drug counselors and other expert witnesses to inform the jury of how addiction affects the brain and body and of the dangers of withdrawal. Russia Section 4. Zambia, Afghanistan Cote d’Ivoire Emergency room admissions for overdose also present opportunities to screen for human trafficking. Policy Guides on Identification and Protection of Victims of Trafficking (2015): https://www.baliprocess.net/regional-support-office/policy-guides-on-identification-and-protection-of-victims-of-trafficking/. Trauma-informed victim advocates worked closely with prosecutors and law enforcement to support those survivors as they participated in the criminal justice process. First, one law reduced the availability of the automatic downgrade waiver to one year (from two years). Steven Davis Whether the government of the country monitors immigration and emigration patterns for evidence of severe forms of trafficking in persons and whether law enforcement agencies of the country respond to any such evidence in a manner that is consistent with the vigorous investigation and prosecution of acts of such trafficking, as well as with the protection of human rights of victims and the internationally recognized human right to leave any country, including one’s own, and to return to one’s own country. In 2017, media alleged peacekeepers exploited nine Haitian children in a sex trafficking ring. Finally, another 2019 amendment to the TVPA limits a country to one year on the Tier 2 Watch List after that country received a waiver to stay on the Watch List and was subsequently downgraded to Tier 3. Korea, North At the time, inclusion in the report depended on whether there was evidence of a “significant number” of victims in a given country, though the U.S. Congress did not specify what it considered to be a “significant number.” Once the drafters of the first report received reporting from all the U.S. embassies, which included information on the estimated number of victims in each country, they determined that 100 or more victims would be the threshold number, taking into account that for small countries this would be a high threshold but for large countries a low one. This report arms governments with the data they need to increase the prosecution of traffickers, provide victim-centered and trauma-informed protection for victims of trafficking, and prevent this crime altogether. United Arab Emirates Alexis Ramdass The 2015 regulations also removed limits on the duration of representation contracts, which opened the door to young players unwittingly binding themselves to long-term representation with a certain agent and losing their ability to leave a job. Malaysia Somalia Additionally, trauma bonding, including in cases of trafficking, may occur within familial relationships in which the perpetrator could even be a parent. Phone +49 30 2787780. Sonia Helmy-Dentzel Within Europe’s soccer industry alone, it is estimated there are 15,000 human trafficking victims each year. They are recognized for their tireless efforts—despite resistance, opposition, and threats to their lives—to protect victims, punish offenders, and educate stakeholders about human trafficking trends in their countries and abroad. In 2010, after FIFA learned of several players who had paid exorbitant fees to join a team, it mandated teams and anyone connecting players to them to register all international player transfers with FIFA’s online system. Amy Rustan Haslett Erin Chapman Veronica left her indigenous community in Colombia for a domestic service position in the capital city, Bogotá. With 14 million victims, India is the global leader in human trafficking, the facts from 2014 confirm. A number of human trafficking cases in sports have been reported by news outlets and in documentaries. Many cases are never reported. While the TVPA only called for a ranking of governments, those involved in the preparation of the first report included a brief explanation for the tier rankings to provide clarity and context to the report. Pakistan In the United States, an increasing number of medical centers and NGOs are recognizing the value of providing specialized care to survivors of trafficking and training for those who work with them: The following is a product of the Human Trafficking Expert Consultant Network funded by the TIP Office. Victims frequently do not seek help due to language barriers, fear of their traffickers, or fear of law enforcement. This automatic downgrade provision came into effect for the first time in the 2013 TIP Report. Haiti Whether the government of the country vigorously investigates and prosecutes acts of severe forms of trafficking in persons, and convicts and sentences persons responsible for such acts, that take place wholly or partly within the territory of the country, including, as appropriate, requiring incarceration of individuals convicted of such acts. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime has a list of indicators you can use to help identify victims. Arab News - 2020-12-31 - Front Page - Arab News. Lesotho 10 U.S.C. To turn the tide, action must accompany words. For more information about current and past TIP Report Heroes, please visit the TIP Report Heroes Global Network at www.tipheroes.org. About Human Trafficking. There were reports that soldiers deployed as UN peacekeepers to Liberia sexually exploited women and children, including in sex trafficking, from 2003-2017. Hearing and speech-impaired individuals should dial 711. Over the past two decades, her organization has assisted more than 16,000 people. Ambassador Elder emphasized the pervasive nature of forced child labor cases, which occur in all areas of the country, including border, rural, and urban areas, and are often purely domestic in nature. Additionally, the UN Secretary-General has requested countries establish on-site court martial proceedings when allegations arise involving military contingents to improve access to justice for victims. Whether the government of the country protects victims of severe forms of trafficking in persons and encourages their assistance in the investigation and prosecution of such trafficking, including provisions for legal alternatives to their removal to countries in which they would face retribution or hardship, and ensures that victims are not inappropriately incarcerated, fined, or otherwise penalized solely for unlawful acts as a direct result of being trafficked, including by providing training to law enforcement and immigration officials regarding the identification and treatment of trafficking victims using approaches that focus on the needs of the victims. 1107 Addendum to the OSCE Action Plan to Combat Trafficking in Human Beings, Decision No. Sweden Section 5 provides a description and the amounts of assistance provided to countries pursuant to such waivers. The courage and resilience of victims and survivors cannot be overstated. The Secretary of State identified the following countries as having governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces or government-supported armed groups that recruited or used child soldiers within the meaning of section 404(a) of the CSPA during the reporting period of April 1, 2018, to March 31, 2019: Afghanistan, Burma, Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), Iran, Iraq, Mali, Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, Syria, and Yemen. L. 115-425), and generally consistent with the provisions of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, the term “child soldier” means: (i) any person under 18 years of age who takes a direct part in hostilities as a member of governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; (ii) any person under 18 years of age who has been compulsorily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; (iii) any person under 15 years of age who has been voluntarily recruited into governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces; or. The Department of State relies on the information anti-trafficking stakeholders provide each year to effectively evaluate and rank countries’ anti-trafficking efforts. Within the United States, human trafficking is widely unreported for a variety of reasons, including fear or immigration status, but the ILO estimates. DataJam Pasos Libres Online 2020 AUGUST 29 TO SEPTEMBER 4 . Even after becoming more established, athletes may feel it is too risky to challenge the terms of a contract or seek other representation out of fear their situation would cause shame, ruin their reputation, or jeopardize their future. Uniform Guidelines for the Identification and Referral of Victims of Human Trafficking within the Migrant and Refugee Reception Framework in the OSCE Region: 2018-2019 Report of the Special Representative and Co-ordinator for Combating Trafficking in Human Beings: Regional Guidelines for Special Protection in Cases of the Repatriation of Child Victims of Trafficking (2007): Preventing and Combating Trafficking in Persons: Lessons from the SADC Region Booklet (2017): https://www.sadc.int/issues/gender/sadc-gender-and-development-monitor-2016/preventing-and-combating-trafficking-persons-lessons-sadc-region/. Georgia Curaçao Page 17: Paula Bronstein Timor-Leste These indicators include: A common misconception about human trafficking is that it does not happen in the United States. Page 26: Elisabetta Zavoli In addition, thanks to their efforts, the victims were safely repatriated. She is currently a board member and survivor advisor at Awareness Against Human Trafficking (HAART), where until recently she worked as a Program Consultant. Australia The TIP Report featured a new section on TIP Report Heroes to highlight the importance of individual action to combat human trafficking. Countries could receive a waiver to remain on the Tier 2 Watch List for two additional years if they had a written action plan and resources dedicated to its implementation. In another case still pending before a U.S. civil court, traffickers allegedly targeted people with substance use issues who were court-mandated to recovery facilities in lieu of prison sentences and forced them to work in chicken processing, sheet metal fabrication, and other dangerous work. $7,233,000 Atsuki Takahashi Human trafficking, which includes sexual exploitation and forced labour, is a heinous crime, with serious impacts on victims and survivors, their families, communities and society as a whole. In most cases, the photographs that accompany the stories are not images of confirmed trafficking victims. South Africa Countries in the 2020 TIP Report that are not Party to the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking In Persons, Especially Women and Children, supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime. Mary C. Ellison Page 47: Getty Images Elena was able to escape and is now receiving comprehensive services from a local NGO to work through the trauma of her experience and adjust to her new life. Huy eventually escaped by breaking a second story window, jumping out of the house, and running until he found a train station. Indonesia To my intrepid colleagues at the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (TIP Office), thank you for your perseverance and grit in every detail of this work. Later, her employer forced Veronica to work for two years without pay as punishment for breaking a decorative vase in the home. Greg Hermsmeyer Even though the lack of accountability for public officials complicit in sexual exploitation and abuse is not limited to peacekeepers, the international community must increase pressure on governments to hold accountable those who participate in multinational forces to maintain peace and protect vulnerable populations under the auspices of the UN, NATO, or other organizations. Ann Karl Slusarz Qatar Belgium Governments identified on the list are subject to restrictions, in the following fiscal year, on certain security assistance and commercial licensing of military equipment. Repeated trauma exposure can negatively affect brain development and the way a person thinks, often resulting in a victim becoming numb and disconnected from themselves. Ninety days after the submission of the TIP Report to Congress, the TVPA requires the President to make a determination on whether and to what extent to impose such foreign assistance restrictions on Tier 3 governments. Health care providers should be prepared to, Survivors come from all national, cultural, religious, and linguistic backgrounds. Description and Amount of Assistance Withheld Pursuant to Section 404(a). Section 402 of the CSPA requires publication in the annual TIP Report of a list of foreign governments identified during the previous year as having governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces, or government-supported armed groups that recruit or use child soldiers, as defined in the CSPA. Page 16: Elisabetta Zavoli Peru 333, to the extent that the CSPA would restrict such assistance or support; to waive the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to Somalia to allow for the provision of IMET and PKO assistance and DoD support provided pursuant to 10 U.S.C. 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